Pope Urban Ii and the First Crusade

pontiff Urban IIs decision to launch the First tugs altered Medieval atomic number 63 politic each(prenominal)y, socially, and scotchally. The pontiff stressed the religious and economic importance of the Eastern churches and capital of Israel that had two been taken over by Muslim Turks. Previously Vikings and Muslims had been attempting to invade nearly Western European countries and were troubling them that were soon defeated. All a chump Europe countries were economically recovering and looking for slipway to expand. With the growth of stack entering the Catholic Church some people were looking for ways to honor God.Then pontiff Urban II announced a exhort and many countries were eager to assist in his religious mission into the East. pontiff Urban IIs motive to launch The First Crusade in 1096 A. D. was to recover the many Eastern churches that had been conquered by the Muslim Turks and with the worldly concern they reclaimed they would create a Christian rural a rea in Jerusalem for Christians to control. The spends were extremely passionate about the battle they created the symbol of a cocker with any red material they could find and sewed it onto their armor.The red cross became the unofficial symbol for the crusades and was worn by nearly every soldier in the army. The war was called the Crusade, because the word crusade is derived from the Latin word crux which means cross. Until 1065 Christians were granted safe travel to Jerusalem which was controlled by the Saracens but the Muslim Turks defeated them and took control of The Holy Land. The Holy Land, which is called Jerusalem was where messiah was crucified, buried, and rose from the grave and is the most sacred of places for all Christians.The Saracens were a nonher convention of Muslims but were rivals with the Turks. When the Turks took control of Jerusalem they massacred 3,000 Christians that were in the city at the m and tortured all the other Christians that were left. Thi s alarmed the Pope and he completed that the Christians needed to control the Holy Land for themselves. At the get down of Pope Urban IIs campaign into the East he tell the importance of creating a Christian State in the Holy Land. non allowing Christians to enter the Jerusalem startled the Pope and the battle for its recovery was alpha to everybody within the church.The Crusaders were facing an uphill battle in taking on the Turks. The Turks would be fighting on their own region and knew the geography of the land as opposed to the Crusaders who were traveling into unknown territory. Pope Urban II was widely encouraged to lead the Crusades himself but decided he was not fit to lead an army into battle. Seeing no one exposed of controlling so much power and men, knights just followed their local overlords into battle. The Pope appointed a Bishop named Adhemar to keep the overlords working together in their victory into the East. some(prenominal) people believed that because o f the lack of unified leadership there would be problems with function that would lead to ultimate failure but Adhemar did his job of keeping peace mingled with the overlords. Another reason many believed The Crusaders would fail is that Europes parsimony was just recovering from years of battles compared to the wealthy and stable employment economy of Turks. Like all wars, it would cost Europe a cumulus of money. They would need to be able to feed their soldiers, supply them with armor and weapons, and manufacture them when they return.With Europes economy growing it was narrowly able to reassert a war but compared to the Turks they were at a significant disadvantage. Because of their of import location in the ancient world the Turks were very successful in trading between Asia and Eastern Europe. The Turks were overconfident of their dominance in battle. They had recently expanded their territory and maintained a strong military and were employ to the varied conditions of Eastern Europe. The Crusaders had to march across mountains and plains under the harsh sun.The Turks were affect with the ferocity and dedication of the Crusaders. Because of this they were defeated to the surprise of people around Europe. legion(predicate) believed that God had won the battle for them in the face of adversity. At the beginning of the war many countries across Europe revised their taxing corpse to make sure they did not fall short during the war. All countries embossed their taxes to accommodate the cost of war and that made the people in Europe worry if they would survive it throughout the war.When countries int agect with each other, the trading of goods usually takes place. The Byzantine Empire consistently exchanged currency with the soldiers of the many European countries fighting in the war. Disagreements about the ratio of trading currencies arose many clock during the First Crusade. The cut believed they were unfairly being treated for the amount that their currency was being traded for. This began the first legislation between the two countries declaring the value of French currency.Jerusalem was very successful in the early years of its independence. They maintained shut down economic and political ties to all the European countries that liberated them and provided them with an outlet into the stay on of the ancient world. It was a very popular destination for religious tourism after thirty four years of not allowing anyone into the Holy Land. Many countries benefited from the creation of the Christian State that had very close political and economic ties to Europe.Jerusalem and the Byzantine Empire became very popular trading centers between many European countries and the unknown goods of the East. Foreign spices, paper, and alternate currencies began arriving in Europe for the plurality because of the strategic location along Eastern trade routes. Luxurious textiles became prevalent for many Europeans with imports f rom the far reaches of Asia. This created a new market for foreign goods from all over the world that had never been seen in Europe before.Jerusalem became the link between the East and Europe bringing in a new era of goods from foreign lands. It also became the religious center for the world and was very successful. In 1099 the Pope passed away shortly before the Crusaders returned to France to celebrate their victory. His death was followed by a very successful time in Europe when the economy was flourishing around the world. Jerusalem became the longest standing Crusader State until it fell in 1291 when the Muslim Turks recovered and reclaimed the land they believed was theirs.